Figure 3

An update on the approaches of avoidance of propagation of chronic kidney disease resulting in reversal or possible need or avoidance of kidney transplantation - a systematic review

Kulvinder Kochar Kaur*, Gautam Allahbadia and Mandeep Singh

Published: 10 May, 2022 | Volume 6 - Issue 2 | Pages: 040-057

jcn-aid1089-g003

Figure 3:

The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy along with how sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor (SGLT2Is) confer protection to Kidneys by. i) blocking reabsorption of glucose in PCTii) delay renal worsening in addition to reduction of robustness of proteinuria in patients with DM.Posit is that - SGLT2Is confer protection. by escalation of regulation of glycemia, enhancement cardiovascular function as well as restoration of intracellular in addition to extracellular haemodynamics, inclusive of reduction of blood pressure (BP) of cardio. With facilitation of natriuresis, along with re activation. Furthermore, reduction of PC Thypertrophy of tubulo glomerular feedback along with decline in whose induction takes place secondary to insulin resistance (IR) as well as escalation of sodium along with glucose reabsorption along with reduction In Na+- glucose reabsorption via SGLT2 [68]. With the reversing of PCT hypertrophy in addition to reduction In Na+- glucose reabsorption protection of kidney results from reduction in energy needs that is followed by reduction in inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), fibrosis, growth factor expression. Moreover, 5’ AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/SIRT1 signaling that has been repressed secondary to hyperglycemia might get re stimulated by SGLT2 inhibitors for facilitation of anti-inflammatory hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α along with repression of the expression of proinflammatory HIF-1α [69-71]. Hyperglycemia causes enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), diacylglyceration as well as advanced glycation end-products (AGE), all of which aid in the dysregulation of autophagic removal of SNAII along with activation of p21 as well as p27. See text for further details as displayed in Figure 3.

Read Full Article HTML DOI: 10.29328/journal.jcn.1001089 Cite this Article Read Full Article PDF

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